In a phase 3 trial in children with XLH (CL301; NCT02915705), burosumab resulted in greater improvements in hypophosphatemia and related morbidities than continuation with oral phosphate and active vitamin D (Pi/D). Here, we present a post-hoc analysis assessing the response to burosumab vs higher or lower average daily doses of Pi/D over 64 weeks.
Children (1-12 years-old) with XLH receiving Pi/D with Rickets Severity Score ≥2.0 were randomized 1:1 to 64 weeks of burosumab starting at 0.8 mg/kg subcutaneously Q2W or to resume Pi/D. Pi/D dose categories were assessed as: phosphate >40 mg/kg (HPi), phosphate ≤40 mg/kg (LPi), alfacalcidol >60 ng/kg or calcitriol >30 ng/kg (HD), and alfacalcidol ≤60 ng/kg or calcitriol ≤30 ng/kg (LD). We used the Radiographic Global Impression of Change (RGI-C) to assess rickets healing at 64 weeks based on Pi/D dose categories before (pre-baseline) and during study.
The distribution of children in the Pi/D dose categories pre-baseline were: 8 HPi, 21 LPi, 7 HD, and 22 LD in the burosumab group (n=29), and 3 HPi, 29 LPi, 7 HD, and 25 LD in the Pi/D group (n=32). On-study, the distribution was 12 HPi, 20 LPi, 14 HD, and 18 LD in the Pi/D group.
Regardless of Pi/D doses administered pre-baseline, children receiving burosumab had an approximately two-fold greater improvement in least square (LS) mean RGI-C score for rickets healing vs those continuing Pi/D (Table). Further, at Week 64, the LS mean RGI-C score with burosumab (2.1 ±0.1) was greater vs on-study treatment with HPi (1.0 ±0.2), LPi (1.0 ±0.2), HD (1.5 ±0.2), or LD (0.7 ±0.2). The LS mean improvement in lower limb deformity RGI-C with burosumab (+1.3 ±0.2) was greater vs HPi (+0.3 ±0.2), LPi (+0.3 ±0.1), HD (+0.4 ±0.2), or LD (+0.2 ±0.1). The LS mean alkaline phosphatase (U/L) decrease from baseline with burosumab was ‑174 ±14 vs HPi (‑43 ±29), LPi (‑19 ±28), HD (‑59 ±30), or LD (‑4 ±24). The mean parathyroid hormone (PTH) percent change from baseline with burosumab was +10.5 ±13.3 vs HPi (+45.2 ±41.0), LPi (‑9.5 ±13.1), HD (‑29.3 ±15.5), or LD (+42.5 ±27.2). Adverse events on burosumab included mild to moderate hypersensitivity and injection site reactions. No discontinuations occurred.
In children with XLH, improvements in rickets, lower limb deformity, and decreases in ALP were greater during burosumab than with either higher or lower on-study doses of phosphate or active vitamin D. The increase in PTH was greatest in the HPi and LD groups.
Disclosures